Algaculture is a form of aquiculture involving the farming of species of algae.

Microalgae (phytoplankton, microphytes or planktonic algae) are mainly cultivated. Macroalgae (seaweed) also have many commercial and industrial uses, but due to their size and the specific requirements of the environment in which they need to grow, they do not lend themselves as readily to cultivation.

Commercial and industrial algae cultivation has numerous uses, including production of nutraceuticals or natural food colorants and dyes, food, fertilizers, bioplastics, chemical feedstock (raw material), protein-rich animal/aquaculture feed, pharmaceuticals, and algal fuel, and can also be used as a means of pollution control.